Hi Jana,
One thing to think about in July is the weather - you may want to tailor your itinerary accordingly (e.g. Floripa - Florianopolis - may be a little on the cool side). The website below has month-by-month recommendations:
http://gobrazil.about.com/od/brazilmonthbymonth/a/brazilinjuly.htm
I'd second Iguassu (although it's a bit touristy), Bonito, Itacare in Bahia and Fernando de Noronha. Let me know if you would like pousada (guesthouse) recommendations for either of the latter two. If you're near Iguassu and Bonito and want to cut down on travel time, you could consider the Pantanal wetlands instead of the Amazon - anecdotally you see more wildlife in the Pantanal than the Amazon, but you wouldn't get dolphins. There's supposed to be another nice park area near Campo Grande, but I don't remember the name. Everyone says nice things about Chapada Diamantina but I haven't been (yet!).
For transport, you could look into an air pass if you will be taking a lot of flights. Generally, booking flights online without a CPF (Brazilian ID number) is a little tricky, so you may need to drop by a travel agent. In Zurich STA travel were fine. Long-distance buses are generally a good option, but there's a point where you're probably better off flying!
Do you speak any Portuguese? People are very approachable, but time invested in learning a little bit of the language will be well spent, especially if you're looking to travel outside the cities.
Hope that helps, let me know if you have any followup questions.
Mark
Apr 4, 13 15:00